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What is Risk?

  
  Education
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This is another piece in the irregular Simple Stuff series, which is an attempt to make complex topics simple.  Today’s topic is:

What is risk?

Here is my simple definition of risk:

Risk is the probability that an entity will not meet its goals, and the degree of pain it will go through depending on how much it missed the goals.

There are several good things about this definition:

  • Note that the word “money” is not mentioned.  As such, it can cover a wide number of situations.
  • It is individual.  The same size of a miss of a goal for one person may cause him to go broke, while another just has to miss a vacation.  The same event may happen for two people — it may be a miss for one, and not for the other one.
  • It catches both aspects of risk — likelihood of a bad event, and degree of harm from how badly the goal was missed.
  • It takes into account the possibility that there are many goals that must be met.
  • It covers both composite entities like corporations, families, nations and cultures, as well as individuals.
  • It doesn’t make life easy for academic economists who want to have a uniform definition of risk so that they can publish economics and finance papers that are bogus.  Erudite, but bogus.
  • It doesn’t specify that there has to be a single time horizon, or any time horizon.
  • It doesn’t specify a method for analysis.  That should vary by the situation being analyzed.

(more…)

Control in Trading

  
  Education
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New traders may get lucky for awhile and bad traders may win big in the short term but in the long term the market gives every trader exactly what they have earned. While traders can win in the long term with many different types of robust trading methods a trader with no self control will not even survive long, they will not be able to make a plan and follow it, they will let fear and greed over take their mind and end up with large losses and the belief  “trading is just too hard” but trading is not hard what is hard is self control, discipline, focus, and keeping the ego in check.

What a trader can control:

  1. Their entry.
  2. Their exit.
  3. Their trading plan.
  4. Their emotions.
  5. Their ego.
  6. Their method.
  7. Their position size.
  8. Whether to trade or not to trade.
  9. How much you are willing to risk per trade.
  10. Themselves.

What a trader can not control.

  1. Market movements.
  2. Volatility.
  3. The trend.
  4. Whip saws.
  5. Political decisions.
  6. News Headlines.
  7. Macro economics.
  8. Every other traders decisions.
  9. The future.
  10. The past.

One  key to trading is to only focus on what you can control, do not worry and stress about what you can not control, and most importantly, be able to know the difference.

Paul Tudor Jones: 13 Insights

  
Analysis, Education
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13 Insights From Paul Tudor Jones

1. Markets have consistently experienced “100-year events” every five years. While I spend a significant amount of my time on analytics and collecting fundamental information, at the end of the day, I am a slave to the tape (and proud of it).

2. Younger generation are hampered by the need to understand (and rationalize) why something should go up or down. By the time that it becomes self-evident, the move is over.

3. When I got into the business, there was so little information on fundamentals, and what little information one could get was largely imperfect. We learned just to go with the chart. (Why work when Mr. Market can do it for you?)

4. There are many more deep intellectuals in the business today. That, plus the explosion of information on the Internet, creates an illusion that there is an explanation for everything. Hence, the thinking goes, your primary task is to find that explanation.

As a result of this poor approach, technical analysis is at the bottom of the study list for many of the younger generation, particularly since the skill often requires them to close their eyes and trust price action. The pain of gain is just too overwhelming to bear. (more…)

Confidence, Discipline and Consistency

  
  Education
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Consistently profitable trading comes down to just three simple things. The three are the trading psychology, the system, and the risk and money management. Trading psychology means the big 3: discipline, confidence and consistency.

The trading psychology takes precedence because it is needed to make sure that the other two are followed. When they are not followed, a good system and sound risk and money management rules are of limited value. When you have trading psychology that is not achieved through sheer will, you can have the discipline, confidence and consistency that make the most of your rules and system.

Sticking to your system for any length of time is nearly impossible without having confidence in your system. A trader may be able to focus intently on their discipline, and may even be able to stick to it for a time, but often the first handful of losing trades will kill that confidence and with it goes the discipline.

When the sting of a string of losses comes along, especially for a trader that has not established a solid confidence in their system, the temptation to deviate from the system, to second-guess it, is very strong. The natural impulse to avoid the pain is great and only grows with each subsequent loss. Faith in the system drops each time another loss occurs, even if the loss came to be from the deviation from the system. In these circumstances, doubts, fear and anxiety usually run high.

So what is a trader to do to avoid this situation, or to remedy it if this situation has already been encountered?

A great deal of trading psychology comes from expectations and reality. Frustration comes when expectations aren’t met by reality. When a person doesn’t know what to expect, then anxiety set in. When a person knows what to expect and what to do, then confidence is there. Worst case is when the primary point of reference is the recent and painful losses, and only slightly less difficult to be confident when matters feel very uncertain.

Since trading is an activity where losing trades will occur, the best way to establish confidence is to have a way to know what to expect – from the trading system. What is the way to make this happen? The trader can see what can realistically be expected and what can’t through system analysis and looking at the system metrics. The metrics give one a realistic and measured look at the capabilities and limitations of a system, particularly how many losing trades might be encountered during an overall profitable period of time. The primary benefit regarding the trader’s trading psychology is in the way the numbers from the analysis put things in a perspective that fends off the anxiety and doubt and makes for much easier discipline.

Once this is achieved, then the trader should track their metrics to ensure consistency and continuous improvement. It happens quite commonly for traders to experience major breakthroughs once they put in place the habit of analyzing their system and tracking the metrics. Confidence, discipline and consistency are the natural result of this activity, and frequently initiating this practice marks the turning point in the careers of many traders. It is vital as part of trading psychology that one properly analyze the metrics and track their numbers, as backtesting alone will only help to a limited degree.

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