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Poker/Trading Similarities

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  1. Actual winning/losing of a trade is unimportant.
  2. Each well executed trade, win or lose, is a victory.
  3. Each poorly executed trade is a defeat (even if you make money).
  4. Each move or action lacking discipline can eventually cost much more money than the original trade in the form of monetary/emotional loss.

Morgan Housel’s 9 Financial Rules

1. Nine out of 10 people in finance don’t have your best interest at heart.
2. Don’t try to predict the future.
3. Saving can be more important than investing.
4. Tune out the majority of news.
5. Emotional intelligence is more important than classroom intelligence.
6. Talk about your money.
7. Most financial problems are caused by debt.
8. Forget about past performance.
9. The perfect investment doesn’t exist.

Ed Seykota – “Everybody Gets What They Want From The Markets”

When Jack Schwagger interviewed legendary trend following trader Ed Seykota for his book “Market Wizards” in 1989, it’s clear he was not ready for the answers that Ed Seykota gave.  Not many people are.

But by far the greatest and most provocative answer that Ed gave was that of “Everybody gets what they want out of the market”.  Not only did it incite an almost angry response from Schwagger, it has confused and enlightened an entire generation of traders since.

The Famous Ed Seykota Interview

Jack Schwagger asks his interviewee: “Don’t all traders want to win?”

And Ed replies with: “Win or lose, everybody gets what they want out of the market.

“I know one trader who seems to get in near the start of every substantial bull move and works his $10 thousand up to about a quarter of a million in a couple of months.  Then he changes his personality and loses it all back again.  This process repeats like clockwork.  Once I traded with him, but got out when his personality changed.  I doubled my money, while he got wiped out as usual.  I told him what I was doing, and even paid him a management fee.  He just couldn’t help himself.  I don’t think he can do it any differently.  He wouldn’t want to.

  • “He gets a lot of excitement, he gets to be a martyr, he gets sympathy from his friends, and he gets to be the centre of attention.  Also, possibly, he may be more comfortable relating to people if he is on their financial plane. 

“On some level, I think he is really getting what he wants.”

Does This Sound Like Someone You Know?  Maybe Someone You Know… Intimately?

Even back then, Ed Seykota had a fantastic grasp on the dangerous psychology pitfalls that almost every trader has to work through before they become a success in the markets. 

So you need to ask yourself: (more…)

The Traders Mindset

So far the Apprenticed Investor series has discussed a lot of don’ts. Don’t do this, don’t do that; avoid talking to these kinds of traders; don’t say or think these kinds of things.

Well, it’s time to shift gears, and since trading is an active enterprise, I’ll discuss some things you should do. I plan to expand on these ideas significantly in future episodes.

Taken together, the following 10 rules will not only help you with the philosophical grounding necessary for thoughtful — and successful — investing, they will help you avoid some of the more common mistakes made by investors and traders early in their careers.

This is the “Zen of Trading;” It is more than an overview — it’s an investment philosophy that can help you develop an investing framework of your own.

1. Have a Comprehensive Plan: Whether you are an investor or active trader, you must have a plan. Too many investors have no strategy at all — they merely react to each twitch of the market on the fly. If you fail to plan, goes the saying, then you plan to fail.
Consider how Roger Clemens approaches a game. He studies his opponent, constructs his game plan and goes to work.

Investors should write up a business plan, as if they were asking a Venture Capitalist for start-up money; just because you are the angel investor doesn’t mean you should skip the planning stages.

2. Expect to Be Wrong: We’ve discussed this previously, but it is such a key aspect of successful investing that it bears repeating. You will be wrong, you will be wrong often and, occasionally, you will be spectacularly wrong.
Michael Jordan has a fabulous perspective on the subject: “I’ve missed more than 9,000 shots in my career. I’ve lost almost 300 games. Twenty six times, I’ve been trusted to take the game-winning shot and missed. I’ve failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed.”

Jordan was the greatest ball player of all time, and not only because of his superb physical skills: He understood the nature and importance of failure, and placed it appropriately within a larger framework of the game.

The best investors have no ego tied up in a trade. Those who refuse to recognize the simple truism of “being wrong often” end up giving away unacceptable amounts of capital. Stubborn pride and lack of risk management allow egotists to stay in stocks down 30%, 40% or 50% — or worse.

 

3. Predetermine Stops Before Opening Any Position: Sign a “prenuptial agreement” with every stock you participate in: When it hits some point you have determined before you purchased it, that’s it, you’re out, end of story. Once you have come to understand that you will be frequently wrong, it becomes much easier to use stop-losses and sell targets.
This is true regardless of your methodology: It may be below support or beneath a moving average, or perhaps you prefer a specific percentage amount. Some people use the prior month’s low. But whatever your stop-loss method is, stick to it religiously. Why? The prenup means you are making the exit decision before you are in a trade — while you are still neutral and objective.

4. Follow Discipline Religiously: The greatest rules in the world are worthless if you do not have the personal discipline to see them through. I can recall every single time I broke a trading rule of my own, and it invariably cost me money.
RealMoney’s Chartman, Gary B. Smith, slavishly follows his discipline, and he notes that every time some hedge fund — chock full of Nobel Laureates and Ivy League whiz kids — blows up, the mea culpa is the same: If only we hadn’t overrode the system.

In Jack Schwager’s seminal book Market Wizards, the single most important theme repeated by each of the wizards was the importance of discipline. (more…)

Patience

No matter which mask you wore in May, June brings with it new opportunities and new perils. It is difficult sometimes to separate ourselves from the action, always afraid of missing the next great opportunity. But trust me when I say that learning patience is one of the greatest skills a trader can develop. Instead of coming into each trading day with an “I gotta make money” mentality, it would behoove traders to develop a more market-neutral attitude and focus on the process instead of the outcome. To that end, let me share some ideas that have helped me over the years to control the impulsivity that many traders find hard to control.

Managing Risk

Over the years I’ve been fortunate enough to get to know thousands of market participants. Some are long-term investors others are scalping pennies per trade on thousands of shares while others manage millions of other people’s money. The interesting theme I picked up on with nearly every one of them is that they each experienced panic and uncertainty at certain times in the market. Oftentimes, this panic stems from the inability to make sense of the market, to gain control of market participation. Thoughts such as whether or not too much capital is at work or perhaps not enough or even whether or not to be in the market at all seemed to consume them.

This ambivalence can consume and debilitate even the best market participants. The uncertainty or self-doubt about market participation is common yet finding a solution is not. The greater the level of uncertainty felt the higher the odds are that risk is being misperceived. Here are some questions that I’ve asked to assess whether risk was real or perceived:

  • What are your reactions, both physical and emotional, to a losing trade? A winning trade?
  • Have you rationalized recent losses?
  • Has your out-of-market homework/research fallen behind?
  • Do you monitor your positions by dollars or percentages?
  • Have you ever not taken a trade that made sense simply because you were burned before?
  • Has the number of indicators you use to enter/manage/exit a position increased/decreased lately?
  • Do you know the Beta of your portfolio?
  • What would others say about you when asked about your risk management?

In a sense, managing risk involves managing the emotional side of trading so that the focus can be on the cognitive side of trading. As an example, if I’m concerned with the direction of the market because my traditional analysis methods are giving unclear signals then it probably doesn’t make much sense for me to participate. My biases will impact the data, whether it’s of a technical or fundamental nature, and lead to poor decisions. If I’m unable to clearly define what sectors are leading and which are lagging and, more importantly, why they are moving in the direction they are, then my risk is skewed. It’s times like these that large losses can accrue as objectivity is clouded by subjectivity.

I’ve always used sleep as a gauge to help me know if I’m in-line with real risk. If I’m able to sleep at night and wake up excited to participate in the market then I know that the odds are good I’m managing my risk. If I’m unable to get a good night’s sleep and lay awake wondering about positions I have on the odds are good that my risk management is off. Yea, I’m pretty simple.

Jesse Livermore: Original Trend Follower and Great Trader

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The unofficial biography of Jesse Livermore was Reminiscences of a Stock Operator published 1923. Below are selected quotes:

  • Another lesson I learned early is that there is nothing new in Wall Street. There can’t be because speculation is as old as the hills. Whatever happens in the stock market today has happened before and will happen again.
  • I told you I had ten thousand dollars when I was twenty, and my margin on that Sugar deal was over ten thousand. But I didn’t always win. My plan of trading was sound enough and won oftener than it lost. If I had stuck to it I’d have been right perhaps as often as seven out of ten times. In fact, I have always made money when I was sure I was right before I began. What beat me was not having brains enough to stick to my own game- that is, to play the market only when I was satisfied that precedents favored my play. There is a time for all things, but I didn’t know it. And that is precisely what beats so many men in Wall Street who are very far from being in the main sucker class. There is the plain fool, who does the wrong thing at all times everywhere, but there is the Wall Street fool, who thinks he must trade all the time. No man can always have adequate reasons for buying or selling stocks daily- or sufficient knowledge to make his play an intelligent play.
  • It takes a man a long time to learn all the lessons of his mistakes. They say there are two sides to everything. But there is only one side to the stock market; and it is not the bull side or the bear side, but the right side.
  • There is nothing like losing all you have in the world for teaching you what not to do. And when you know what not to do in order not to lose money, you begin to learn what to do in order to win. Did you get that? You begin to learn!
  • I think it was a long step forward in my trading education when I realized at last that when old Mr. Partridge kept on telling the other customers, Well, you know this is a bull market! he really meant to tell them that the big money was not in the individual fluctuations but in the main movements- that is, not in reading the tape but in sizing up the entire market and its trend.
  • The reason is that a man may see straight and clearly and yet become impatient or doubtful when the market takes its time about doing as he figured it must do. That is why so many men in Wall Street, who are not at all in the sucker class, not even in the third grade, nevertheless lose money. The market does not beat them. They beat themselves, because though they have brains they cannot sit tight. Old Turkey was dead right in doing and saying what he did. He had not only the courage of his convictions but the intelligent patience to sit tight.
  • ?the average man doesn’t wish to be told that it is a bull or bear market. What he desires is to be told specifically which particular stock to buy or sell. He wants to get something for nothing. He does not wish to work. He doesn’t even wish to have to think. It is too much bother to have to count the money that he picks up from the ground.
  • To tell you about the first of my million dollar mistakes I shall have to go back to this time when I first became a millionaire, right after the big break of October, 1907. As far as my trading went, having a million merely meant more reserves. Money does not give a trader more comfort, because, rich or poor, he can make mistakes and it is never comfortable to be wrong. And when a millionaire is right his money is merely one of his several servants. Losing money is the least of my troubles. A loss never bothers me after I take it. I forget it overnight. But being wrong- not taking the loss- that is what does damage to the pocketbook and to the soul.
  • What I have told you gives you the essence of my trading system as based on studying the tape. I merely learn the way prices are most probably going to move. I check up my own trading by additional tests, to determine the psychological moment. I do that by watching the way the price acts after I begin.
  • Of all speculative blunders there are few worse than trying to average a losing game. My cotton deal proved it to the hilt a little later. Always sell what shows you a loss and keep what shows you a profit. That was so obviously the wise thing to do and was so well known to me that even now I marvel at myself for doing the reverse.
  • The loss of the money didn’t bother me. Whenever I have lost money in the stock market I have always considered that I have learned something; that if I have lost money I have gained experience, so that the money really went for a tuition fee. A man has to have experience and he has to pay for it.
  • In booms, which is when the public is in the market in the greatest numbers, there is never any need of subtlety, so there is no sense of wasting time discussing either manipulation or speculation during such times; it would be like trying to find the difference in raindrops that are falling synchronously on the same roof across the street. The sucker has always tried to get something for nothing, and the appeal in all booms is always frankly to the gambling instinct aroused by cupidity and spurred by a pervasive prosperity. People who look for easy money invariably pay for the privelege of proving conclusively that it cannot be found on this sordid earth. At first, when I listened to the accounts of old-time deals and devices I used to think that people were more gullible in the 1860’s and 70’s than in the 1900’s. But I was sure to read in the newspapers that very day or the next something about the latest Ponzi or the bust-up of some bucketing broker and about the millions of sucker money gone to join the silent majority of vanished savings.
  • There are men whose gait is far quicker than the mob’s. They are bound to lead- no matter how much the mob changes.

The realization that you are alone

 At some point in time the realization strikes that you are alone in the market – there is only you. The illusion that the market can ‘do’ anything to you falls away and it becomes obvious that you are 100% responsible for everything that happens to your account. You either give yourself money, or else you give your money away – there is nothing else.

The market is one of the few arenas where there are no external constraints, except in the case of a margin call. It never forces you to take a position, long or short, or tells you to get out of your position. It does not say how long to stay in a position or what time to exit, how much profit or loss is enough. There are no external constraints at all, and as such people run riot. You are relying on yourself 100% and there is only ever you to blame.

The above is a core part of a winning trading psychology, yet its difficult to adopt. Shifting the blame is a basic way we defend our ego every single day of the week – yet in the market this practice is absolutely unsupported by price action. How can any other market participant be doing something to you if he is totally unaware of your existence or what position you hold?

Its necessary to really ponder this until the truth of it shines out:

You are alone…

A Dozen Observations on Life and Markets

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Trading is the most difficult of sports: nowhere else does one begin a career by opposing the world’s most accomplished professionals.
Extreme trading size produces extreme emotional outcomes, leaving traders with certain trauma or addiction.
A universal trade setup: Hope, then despair.
Fidelity to purpose: the mark of good trades and great traders.
Mentors cannot achieve more for you than they have accomplished for themselves. (more…)

12 Wisdom Points for Traders

1. Now the successful trader prepares before he enters battle.  The unsuccessful trader makes but a few, if any, preparations before he enters battle.  Proper preparation leads to victory; a little preparation leads to defeat; and no preparation leads to ultimate destruction!  The one who is properly prepared is the one who is most likely to win.

2. In trading, let your great object be a quick and decisive victory, not the slow death of a lengthy loss.

3.  If you know who the enemy is and you know yourself, you will never fear the next trade.  If you know yourself but not the enemy, you will win one lose one.  If you do not know the enemy or yourself, you will lose on each trade.

4.  The quality of entry is like a well-timed swoop of a falcon which enables it to strike and destroy its victim.

5.  Proper preparation may be likened to the bending of a crossbow; decision, to the releasing of the trigger.

6.  Just as water retains no constant shape, so in trading know the market is constantly changing.

7.  Ponder and deliberate before you enter a trade. (more…)

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