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7 reasons most traders fail in the markets

  
  Education
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1. Most traders follow a flawed strategy with poor selection criteria, usually this is based on personal opinion or bad advice
2. Even when they find a good approach, the majority of traders don’t stay the course; they suffer what we call “style drift”, changing strategy when short-term results are unsatisfactory or become boring
3. The #1 mistake made by virtually all investors is they don’t cut losses
4. Most of the traders that blow themselves up usually do so by adding to losing positions
5. The grand majority of stock traders don’t know the truth about their trading – they fail to conduct in-depth post analysis regularly; they simply don’t know the math, so they have no idea how to manage risk in relation to reward
6. Many traders start with unrealistic goals; they want too much too fast and become disinterested when success doesn’t come quickly
7. Most failures in anything stem from a lack of belief in your own abilities; most people just don’t believe they can be exceptional at stock trading, but they can, if they really want it and follow the right plan

Biases That Cause You To Make Mistakes

  
  Education
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You are your own worst enemy.

Those are the six most important words in investing. Shady financial advisors and incompetent CEOs don’t harm your returns a fraction of the amount your own behavior does.

Here are 15 cognitive biases that cause people to do dumb things with their money.

1. Normalcy bias
Assuming that because something has never happened before, it won’t (or can’t) happen in the future. Everything that has ever happened in history was “unprecedented” at one time. The Great Depression. The crash of 1987. Enron. Wall Street bailouts. All of these events had never happened… until they did. When Warren Buffett announced he was looking for candidates to replace him at Berkshire Hathaway, he said he needed “someone genetically programmed to recognize and avoid serious risks, including those never before encountered.“ Someone who understands normalcy bias, in other words.

2. Dunning-Kruger effect
Being so bad at a task that you lack the capacity to realize how bad you are. Markus Glaser and Martin Weber of the University of Mannheim showed that investors who earn the lowest returns are the worst at judging their own returns. They had literally no idea how bad they were. “The correlation between self-ratings and actual performance is not distinguishable from zero” they wrote.

3. Attentional bias
Falsely thinking two events are correlated when they are random, but you just happen to be paying more attention to them. After stocks plunged 4% in November 1991, Investor’s Business Daily blamed a failed biotech bill in the House of Representatives, while The Financial Times blamed geopolitical tension in Russia. The “cause” of the crash was whatever the editor happened to be paying attention to that day.

4. Bandwagon effect
Believing something is true only because other people think it is. Whether politicians or stocks, people like being associated with things that are winning, so winners build momentum not because they deserve it, but because they’re winning. This is the foundation of all asset bubbles. (more…)

Warren Buffett's Letter to Shareholders

  
Analysis, Education
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warren_buffett

An excerpt:

Our gain in net worth during 2009 was $21.8 billion, which increased the per-share book value of both our Class A and Class B stock by 19.8%. Over the last 45 years (that is, since present management took over) book value has grown from $19 to $84,487, a rate of 20.3% compounded annually.*

Berkshire’s recent acquisition of Burlington Northern Santa Fe has added at least 65,000 shareholders to the 500,000 or so already on our books. It’s important to Charlie Munger, my long-time partner, and me that all of our owners understand Berkshire’s operations, goals, limitations and culture. In each annual report, consequently, we restate the economic principles that guide us. This year these principles appear on pages 89-94 and I urge all of you – but particularly our new shareholders – to read them. Berkshire has adhered to these principles for decades and will continue to do so long after I’m gone.

In this letter we will also review some of the basics of our business, hoping to provide both a freshman orientation session for our BNSF newcomers and a refresher course for Berkshire veterans.

Read Buffett’s full letter to shareholders here.


Amos Hostetter :Invaluable Trading Principles

  
  Education
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  1. Try to find a long term trend and ride it up. Stay with the trend and don’t be tempted to grab a quick profit. Patience is one of the most important traits of a trend follower.
  2. Be careful not to be shaken out by market fluctuations. Instead try to sit tight as long as there are no warnings showing up. Prices that come back so that your initial gain halves are not necessarily a reason to sell.
  3. Big wins can only be achieved with major trends. Find them and don’t hesitate to buy at high prices when you may think it is too late. A market is never too high to buy or too low to sell.
  4. Necessary is of course a stop loss near the entry point. A stop is the easiest way to put your capital at work on a trend, because otherwise you are too often and too long stuck in a trading market which goes nowhere or worse in a falling market.
  5. Absolutely forbidden is averaging down or fighting the market trend.
  6. To think that a market is cheaper now after prices came down and therefore must offer a better chance than it did when prices were higher, will put you in the wrong stocks at the wrong times.
  7. Never try to sell at the top. The trend may continue. Sell after a reaction if there is no rally.
  8. On the other hand don’t expect the market to end in a blaze of glory. Look out for warnings.
  9. Tape reading can tell you only that something is wrong. Don’t try to analyze the flow of transactions as the tape shows them in too much detail.
  10. Don’t look for breaks. Look out for warnings.
  11. Pyramid stocks only if the initial investment shows a gain.
  12. Look out for normal market behavior. If a market doesn’t act right, don’t touch it.
  13. If in a bear market a complete demoralization develops suddenly it may be a sign for a starting bull market.
  14. Observation of the market gives the best tips of all. Follow your experience to exploit them, while sticking to facts only.
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