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Importance of money management

In Jack Schwager’s book Market Wizards, Schwager interviewed some of the world’s top traders and investors, nearly all of whom emphasised the importance of money management. Here are a few of my favourite excerpts:

‘Risk management is the most important thing to be well understood. Undertrade, undertrade, undertrade is my second piece of advice.Whatever you think your position ought to be, cut it at least in half. ’-Bruce Kovner

‘Never risk more than 1% of your total equity in any one trade. By risking 1%, I am indifferent to any individual trade. Keeping your risk small and constant is absolutely critical.’ –Larry Hite

‘You have to minimize your losses and try to preserve capital for those very few instances where you can make a lot in a very short period of time. What you can’t afford to do is throw away your capital on suboptimal trades.’ –Richard Dennis

5 “Common” Rules of Great Traders.

1. They react and make few decisions. They do plan every trade. They just plan a lot faster. The market moves fast, so do they. A plan is somehow neglected by many. Would you start a business without any plans? Do it already. You will improve.

2. They make most of their money on the highs or lows. There will be interest at the highs and lows, they use it to buy and sell into. They are already in a position when it gets there. It is a place that most people are looking at. The market actions will dictate further moves. I disagree that they stop picking tops and bottoms. They just are aware that is the type of trade they are taking. High risk, high reward.

3. They get out on the best tick. On a winner or a loser. See rule 1 and 2. I am not sure why no one ever talks about this, including here. Execution is as important as any other skill.

4. They accept responsibilities for their actions. They do not socialize losses and privatize wins. It is all privatized. They eliminate mistakes and learn more cheaply than others. I do not know if they only trade one market but they are experts on themselves.

5. Success is the end point. They can already pay their bills. They are actually trading with risk capital. They can focus on the market and keeping their TEE in balance. Percentage gains are very important but they are not indicative of future returns. Their measurement is based on how well they executed their plan.

The obstacles of the day trader are :

Fear – Fear causes the day trader to hesitate and freeze when positions should be entered and exited. Fear can also cause day traders to take losses,

 Doubt – Doubt causes great opportunity to be missed and causes a mind to be scattered and without firm direction.

Greed – Greed will cause day traders to hold onto positions too long often causing profit to turn into loss.

Hope – Hope will cloud the eyes of probability. Hope is not for day traders.

10 Rules for Traders

  1. Never add too a losing trade. In adding to a losing trade you are already wrong but now become more wrong with a bigger trading size. Adding to losers makes you a counter trend trader that usually ends badly.10-Rules

  2. Never lose more than 1% to 2% of your trading capital on any one trade. This means use position sizing and stop losses so when you are wrong the loss is not a big deal.
  3. Never trade anything you do not understand 100%. Stay away from trading futures, forex, or options until you understand the risk and how exactly they work.
  4. Always trade with the trend in your own time frame.
  5. Only look for low risk, high reward, high probability setups , when there is nothing to trade, trade nothing.
  6. Trade the chart and price action, not your own opinions or predictions.
  7. You have to trade your own way, the trading style that you are comfortable with that fits you.
  8. If you do not have a full trading plan with rules on entries, exits and risk management stop trading until you create one.
  9. The size of your wins and losses ultimately determine your trading success regardless of your winning percentage. 
  10. Your risk management rules will ultimately determine the success of your technical trading system.

12 Trading Rules

121. Loss of opportunity is preferable to loss of capital

2. Picking safe, readable, and ultimately high probability trades is the way to go

3. Use logical profit objectives for all positions. Know your exits and stick to them

4. Markets are squirrelly animals – make your trading plans ahead of the market

5. Don’t buy new highs or sell new lows – wait for the market to come to you. Buy retracements. If you miss the train, don’t beat yourself up – another one will come by shortly

6. Above all, follow your own trading plan and no one else’s

7. Trade quietly – with the exception of a mentor, tell no one about your positions, profits, or losses. This is especially true for those who are close to you, like your wife, husband, or friends. This self-gratification process or sharing process will put you under psychological pressure to win on every trade and can be a primary reason for failure to follow your plan

8. Don’t carry a sizeable position when traveling. The market will always catch you off guard at the most inopportune time

9. You are only one trade from humility. A swelled head does not belong on a trader’s shoulders

10. Add to your knowledge before attempting to add to your wallet. Newbie traders think they can become pros with little more than a computer and hope. In this business, hope is a four letter word. Show me a humble trader, and I’ll show you someone ready to learn

11. Develop your sense of humor – you’ll definitely need it

12. Help other traders whenever you can. This is more practical than philosophical – giving keeps the ego in line and when you need help, and you will, you’ll find it.

Honor your stops!

In high volatile environment (now), you would often be shaken out of positions, only to see them reverse back in the desired direction. This is not a reason not to honor your stop losses. It is just a reminder that either your timing was inappropriate or that you don’t have an edge in the current market environment and therefore you shouldn’t participate until things change. There are times to buy, there are times to sell, there are times to do nothing.

In bear market, honoring your stop loss will save you form disaster. It will assist you to preserve capital, so you could live to trade another day. In bull market, it will free out money for better trading opportunities.

The only reason to hold a stock in your portfolio is if you would buy it at its current level and there aren’t any better opportunities for your money.

We are experiencing a rare event of market destruction that will lay down the foundations for the greatest wealth-building opportunities in our life time.

After the darkest hour of the night, the sun will rise again.

Five key for profitable trading

There are five key things that make all the difference in profitable trading:

Focus on a system with bigger wins than losses, big wins makes robustness a much easier thing to find. A 1:3 risk/return ratio makes it much easier to be profitable even with more losses than wins.

Trade in the direction of the trend, in my experience buying dips in a bull market and selling into strength in a bear market is a much easier process than calling tops and catching falling knives.

Trade small versus your buying power, most systems fail because traders simple trade too big causing losses and being wrong to set them back far too much. Small losses are easy to come back from a string of big losses is fatal.

Trade price action not opinions. Be quick to cut losses and patient to ride winners. Getting stuck on what you think should happen could be fatal when the market disagrees with you.

Your goal as a trader is to find an edge over the 90% of traders that lose money, once you have that edge the more you trade the right signals the better chance you have of being profitable. Before you have an edge the volume of trades work against you as your luck runs out. 

Taking losses

losses-Taking losses is a tough part of doing business on Dalal Street and no one is immune to making mistakes. In fact, professionals know that the sin isn’t in taking a loss, but rather not taking a loss and letting a loser continue to eat away at the equity in a portfolio.

Losers not dealt with are like a cancer which can quickly spread throughout the body if it is left untreated.

10 Great Quotes of Jesse Livermore

“Do not anticipate and move without market confirmation—being a little late in your trade is your insurance that you are right or wrong.” -Jesse LivermoreJL-ASR

“The good speculators always wait and have patience, waiting for the market to confirm their judgment.” -Jesse Livermore

“{Limit} interest in too many stocks at one time.  It is much easier to watch a few than many.” -Jesse Livermore

“Experience has proved to me that the real money made in speculating has been: “IN COMMITMENTS IN A STOCK OR COMMODITY SHOWING A PROFIT RIGHT FROM THE START. ” -Jesse Livermore

“As long as a stock is acting right, and the market is right, do not be in a hurry to take a profit. You know you are right, because if you were not, you would have no profit at all. Let it ride and ride along with it. It may grow into a very large profit, and as long as the “action of the market does not give you any cause to worry,” have the courage of your convictions and stay with it.” -Jesse Livermore

“It is foolhardy to make a second trade, if your first trade shows you a loss. ” “Never average losses. ” Let that thought be written indelibly upon your mind.” -Jesse Livermore

“One should never sell a stock, because it seems high-priced.” -Jesse Livermore

“Profits always take care of themselves but losses never do. ” The speculator has to insure himself against considerable losses by taking the first small loss. In so doing, he keeps his account in order so that at some future time, when he has a constructive idea, he will be in a position to go into another deal, taking on the same amount of stock as he had when he was wrong.” -Jesse Livermore
“It is significant that a large part of a market movement occurs in the last forty-eight hours of a play, and that is the most important time to be in it.” -Jesse Livermore

“A speculator should make it a rule each time he closes out a successful deal to take one-half of his profits and lock this sum up in a safe deposit box. The only money that is ever taken out of Wall Street by speculators is the money they draw out of their accounts after closing a successful deal.” -Jesse Livermore

Trading Profits in relate to Time and Accuracy

 

The size of profits of a trading system, is related to time and accuracy. They are inter-related and it is not possible to get the best out of all 3 factors in any trading system.

 

Before I elaborate further, I shall define what these 3 factors mean.

 

Size of profits – I am referring to the average amount of profits the system will earn per trade.

 

Time – The average length of time you held on to a trade.

 

Accuracy – The percentage that the system is correct and earns you a profit.

 

Big Profits = Long Time = Low Accuracy

 

For systems that aim for big profits, they must allow a greater range of fluctuations for the trade. By having a large trading range will in turn prevent you from getting stopped out so soon. Hence, you will be in a trade for a longer period of time. Besides having a larger profits, it will also serve you losses that are bigger, because your stop loss limit has to be further from your entry point. It is more difficult to grasp for the relationship with accuracy.

 

Small Profits = Short Time = High Accuracy (more…)

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