It has long been observed, casually, that the trends of hemlines and stock prices appear to be in lock step. Skirt heights rose to mini-skirt brevity in the 1920’s and in the 1960’s, peaking with stock prices both times. Floor length fashions appeared in the 1930’s and 1970’s (the Maxi), bottoming with stock prices. It is not unreasonable to hypothesize that a rise in both hemlines and stock prices reflects a general increase in friskiness and daring among the population, and a decline in both, a decrease. Because skirt lengths have limits (the floor and the upper thigh, respectively), the reaching of a limit would imply that a maximum of positive or negative mood had been achieved
Archives of “stock prices” tag
rssTechnically Speaking
A great reminder from technical analyst John Murphy:
“The statement ‘market action discounts everything’ forms what is probably the cornerstone of technical analysis. […] The technician believes that anything that can possibly affect the price–fundamentally, politically, psychologically, or otherwise–is actually reflected in the price of that market.”
Alfred Cowles adds:
“This evidence of structure in stock prices suggests alluring possibilities in the way of forecasting. In fact, many professional speculators, including in particular exponents of the so-called Dow Theory widely publicized by popular financial journals, have adopted systems based in the main on the principle that it is advantageous to swim with the tide.”
William Dunnigan adds:
“We think that forecasting should be thought of in the light of measuring the direction of todays trend and then turning to the Law of Inertia (momentum) for assurance that probabilities favor the continuation of that trend for an unknown period of time into the future. This is trend following, and it does not require us to don the garment of the mystic and look into the crystal balls of the future.”
Richard Donchian adds:
“When I first got into commodities, no one was interested in a diversified approach. There were cocoa men, cotton men, grain men they were worlds apart. I was almost the first one who decided to look at all commodities together. Nobody before had looked at the whole picture and had taken a diversified position with the idea of cutting losses short and going with a trend.” (more…)
40 Gems for Traders and Investors
- There are only three kinds of investors – those who think they are geniuses, those who think they are idiots, and those who aren’t sure.
- One of the clearest signals that you are wrong about an investment is having the hunch that you are right about it.
- Investors who focus on price levels earn between five and ten times higher profits than those who pay attention to price changes.
- The only way to be more certain it’s true is to search harder for proof that it is false.
- Business value changes over time, not all the time. Stocks are like weather, altering almost continually and without warning; businesses are like the climate, changing much more gradually and predictably.
- When rewards are near, the brain hates to wait.
- The market isn’t always right, but it’s right more often than it is wrong.
- Often, when we are asked to judge how likely things are, we instead judge how alike they are.
- Most of what seem to be patterns in stock prices are just random variations.
- In a rising market, enough of your bad ideas will pay off so that you’ll never learn that you should have fewer ideas. (more…)
The Secret Sauce: A Knowledge Advantage
“What is your secret sauce?
No. 1, it’s possible, especially in inefficient markets, to gain a knowledge advantage. By definition, an inefficient market is one where hard work and skill can pay off. We can also control our psyche and emotions so that we don’t make the human mistakes that are so common. Of course the other thing is we have a philosophy of controlling risk. So that doesn’t necessarily make us the winner rather than the loser in the transaction, but it increases the probability that we engage in transactions of the sort that we and our clients want.”
There are a few ways to access better knowledge in an inefficient market. You either have better sources, illegal information or you just simply have a superior understanding. That’s why I always emphasize the importance of a sound top-down approach. If you don’t understand the monetary system you’re more inclined to make mistakes in micro managing your portfolio. You make silly mistakes like misunderstanding how the Fed operates, how QE works, how fiscal policy impacts the economy, how bond auctions works, etc etc. Misunderstanding these important macro functions has resulted in endless predictions for hyperinflation, rising bond yields, falling stock prices, etc. But if you had a sound understanding of the system – if you had a better understanding – you sidestepped all of these predictions that were clearly wrong if you understood how the system works.
You don’t need to cheat or steal to get better information or knowledge. Sometimes it’s a matter of putting in the effort to obtain it.
Trading Wisdom Via John Templeton
- There is only one long term investment objective, maximum total after tax return.
- Success requires study and work. It’s harder than you think.
- Outperforming the majority of investors requires doing what they are not doing.
- Buy when pessimism is at its maximum, sell when optimism is at its maximum.
- Therefore, buy what most investors are selling.
- Buying when others have despaired, and selling when they are full of hope, takes fortitude.
- Bear markets aren’t forever. Prices usually turn up a year before the business cycle hits bottom.
- Popularity is temporary. When a sector goes out of fashion, it stays out for many years.
- In the long run, stock index prices fluctuate around the EPS trend line.
- Stock index earnings fluctuate around replacement book value for the stocks in the index.
- Buy what other people buy and you will succeed or fail as other people do.
- Timing: buy when short term owners have finished selling and sell when they’ve finished their buying, always opposing the fashion.
- Stock prices fluctuate more than values. So stock indexes will never produce the best total return performance.
- Focus on value because most investors focus on outlooks and trends.
- Invest worldwide.
- Stock price fluctuations are proportional to the square root of the price.
- Sell when you find a much better bargain to replace what you are selling.
- When your method becomes popular, switch to an unpopular method.
- Stay flexible. No asset or method is forever.
- Stock market investing takes more skill than any other kind of investing.
- A person can outperform a committee.
- If you begin with prayer, you will think more clearly and make fewer mistakes.
The Market Is King
If you are a disciplined, follow the rules trader, then I am sure you are familiar with the many and various ways the stock market can play tricks on you. For instance, a disciplined, technical trader will adhere to a particular strategy based on current market conditions. In so doing, trades are assessed and entered based on specific criteria, usually by combining mechanical and discretionary means.
Technical traders base their current trade decisions on past price action, noting distinct historical patterns that have the possibility of replication. However, the outcome of two strategically similar trades are never exactly alike if for no other reason than those trading a specific stock now are not the same ones who traded it two months, or even two weeks or two days previous. The elements of uncertainty (e.g., changes in sentiment and differences of opinion) exert such an influence on stock prices that exact replication is impossible. Therefore, the market enjoys a “King Jester” status. (more…)
Inside the Brain of Peter Lynch, Investing Genius
Those readers who have frequented my Investing Caffeine site are familiar with the numerous profiles on professional investors of both current and prior periods . Many of the individuals described have a tremendous track record of success, while others have a tremendous ability of making outrageous forecasts. I have covered both. Regardless, much can be learned from the successes and failures by mirroring the behavior of the greats – like modeling your golf swing after Tiger Woods (O.K., since Tiger is out of favor right now, let’s say Jordan Spieth). My investment swing borrows techniques and tips from many great investors, but Peter Lynch (ex-Fidelity fund manager), probably more than any icon, has had the most influence on my investing philosophy and career as any investor. His breadth of knowledge and versatility across styles has allowed him to compile a record that few, if any, could match – outside perhaps the great Warren Buffett.
Consider that Lynch’s Magellan fund averaged +29% per year from 1977 – 1990 (almost doubling the return of the S&P 500 index for that period). In 1977, the obscure Magellan Fund started with about $20 million, and by his retirement the fund grew to approximately $14 billion (700x’s larger). Cynics believed thatMagellan was too big to adequately perform at $1, $2, $3, $5 and then $10 billion, but Lynch ultimately silenced the critics. Despite the fund’s gargantuan size, over the final five years of Lynch’s tenure, Magellan outperformed 99.5% of all other funds, according to Barron’s. How did Magellan investors fare in the period under Lynch’s watch? A $10,000 investment initiated when he took the helm would have grown to roughly $280,000 (+2,700%) by the day he retired. Not too shabby.
Background
Lynch graduated from Boston College in 1965 and earned a Master of Business Administration from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1968. Like the previously mentioned Warren Buffett, Peter Lynch shared his knowledge with the investing masses through his writings, including his two seminal books One Up on Wall Street and Beating the Street. Subsequently, Lynch authored Learn to Earn, a book targeted at younger, novice investors. Regardless, the ideas and lessons from his writings, including contributing author to Worth magazine, are still transferable to investors across a broad spectrum of skill levels, even today.
The Lessons of Lynch
Although Lynch has left me with enough financially rich content to write a full-blown textbook, I will limit the meat of this article to lessons and quotations coming directly from the horse’s mouth. Here is a selective list of gems Lynch has shared with investors over the years:
Buy within Your Comfort Zone: Lynch simply urges investors to “Buy what you know.” In similar fashion to Warren Buffett, who stuck to investing in stocks within his “circle of competence,” Lynch focused on investments he understood or on industries he felt he had an edge over others. Perhaps if investors would have heeded this advice, the leveraged, toxic derivative debacle occurring over previous years could have been avoided.
Do Your Homework: Building the conviction to ride through equity market volatility requires rigorous homework. Lynch adds, “A company does not tell you to buy it, there is always something to worry about. There are always respected investors that say you are wrong. You have to know the story better than they do, and have faith in what you know.” (more…)
9 Wisdom Quotes from George Soros
George Soros doesn’t need an introduction. He is a living trading legend. Here are some of the smartest things he has ever said about markets. His thoughts are in brown.
1. Perceptions affect prices and prices affect perceptions
I believe that market prices are always wrong in the sense that they present a biased view of the future. But distortion works in both directions: not only do market participants operate with a bias, but their bias can also influence the course of events.
For instance, the stock market is generally believed to anticipate recessions, it would be more correct to say that it can help to precipitate them. Thus I replace the assertion that markets are always right with two others: I) Markets are always biased in one direction or another; II) Markets can influence the events that they anticipate.
As long as the bias is self-reinforcing, expectations rise even faster than stock prices.
Nowhere is the role of expectations more clearly visible than in financial markets. Buy and sell decisions are based on expectations about future prices, and future prices, in turn are contingent on present buy and sell decisions.
2. On Reflexivity
Fundamental analysis seeks to establish how underlying values are reflected in stock prices, whereas the theory of reflexivity shows how stock prices can influence underlying values. One provides a static picture, the other a dynamic one.
Sometimes prices change before fundamentals change. Sometimes fundamentals change before prices change. Price is what pays and until expectations change, prices don’t change. What causes expectations to change? – it could be change in fundamentals or change in prices. So what I am saying is that sometimes prices could be manipulated to change expectations, which will fuel further price momentum in a self-reinforcing way.
3. “Once a trend is established it tends to persist and to run its full course.” – Sentiment changes slowly in trending markets (up or down) and extremely fast in choppy, range-bound markets.
4. “When a long-term trend loses it’s momentum, short-term volatility tends to rise. It is easy to see why that should be so: the trend-following crowd is disoriented.” (more…)
Wisdom From Jason Zweig
There are only three kinds of investors – those who think they are geniuses, those who think they are idiots, and those who aren’t sure.
- One of the clearest signals that you are wrong about an investment is having the hunch that you are right about it.
- Investors who focus on price levels earn between five and ten times higher profits than those who pay attention to price changes.
- The only way to be more certain it’s true is to search harder for proof that it is false.
- Business value changes over time, not all the time. Stocks are like weather, altering almost continually and without warning; businesses are like the climate, changing much more gradually and predictably.
- When rewards are near, the brain hates to wait.
- The market isn’t always right, but it’s right more often than it is wrong.
- Often, when we are asked to judge how likely things are, we instead judge how alike they are.
- Most of what seem to be patterns in stock prices are just random variations.
- In a rising market, enough of your bad ideas will pay off so that you’ll never learn that you should have fewer ideas.
- The more often people watch an investment heave up and down, the more likely they are to trade in and out over the short term – and the less likely they are to earn a high return over the long term.
- Investing is not you versus “Them”. It’s you versus you.
- The single greatest challenge you face as an investor is handling the truth about yourself.
- Hindsight bias keeps you from feeling like an idiot as you look back – but it can make you act like an idiot as you look forward.
- Ignorance of our own ignorance haunts our financial judgments. (more…)
Trading Wisdom – Jesse Livermore
[” . . . remember that stocks are never too high for you to begin buying or too low to begin selling. But after the initial transaction, don’t make a second unless the first shows you a profit. Wait and watch.”]
Jesse Livermore reiterates the importance of buying with the primary trend and beginning new deployments in small increments. Since trends can run a long time, he wisely points out that absolute stock prices are really irrelevant for buying and selling decisions for speculators.
All that matters for speculators is today’s temporal position within the prevailing trend. If the trend has time to run yet then today’s prices really don’t matter. If you buy today on a bull trend that is not yet finished, odds are that your stocks will head to even higher prices before the trend reverses. Similarly if you short sell an already battered stock when a general bear trend hasn’t yet ended, then you will probably still earn a profit. The key is carefully watching the market conditions and keeping the pulse of the primary trend with which you are betting.
But, since we cannot know for certain how long a trend has left to run before it ends, it is wise to gradually scale in positions as Jesse Livermore taught. Start out by only deploying a fraction of your desired capital in your target bet. If you are right, and the profits come, then you can scale in more as time marches on. But if you are wrong and the markets move against you, the prudent use of scaling shields you from large losses and keeps your precious capital protected until a more opportune time.