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Must-Read Interview with Howard Marks

Barron’s had an awesome interview over the weekend with Howard Marks.  They made it the cover story for a reason.  If you missed it, you must immediately read it here.

For those that don’t know, Howard Marks is the chairman of Oaktree Capital Management ($77 billion under investment).  They focus on distressed debt and Warren Buffett is one of his biggest fans.  What I found very appealing was his use of sentiment in his overall market thesis.

He’s been in this game longer than I’ve been alive and whenever I see someone willing to share what they’ve learned, it is like Christmas.

Here are a few of my favorite quotes from the story and my take. (more…)

Trading Wisdom from -REMINISCENCES OF A STOCK OPERATOR.

Of course there is always a reason for fluctuations, but the tape does not concern itself with the why and wherefore.
My plan of trading was sound enough and won oftener than it lost. If I had stuck to it I’d have been right perhaps as often as seven out of ten times.
What beat me was not having brains enough to stick to my own game.
But there is the Wall Street fool, who thinks he must trade all the time. No man can always have adequate reasons for buying or selling stocks daily or sufficient knowledge to make his. play an intelligent play.
The desire for constant action irrespective of underlying conditions is responsible for many losses in Wall
Street even among the professionals, who feel that they must take home some money every day, as though they were working for regular wages.
It takes a man a long time to learn all the lessons of all his mistakes. They say there are two sides to everything. But there is only one side to the stock market; and it is not the bull side or the bear side, but the right side. It took me longer to get that general principle fixed firmly in my mind than it did most of the more technical phases of the game of stock speculation.
My losses have taught me that I must not begin to advance until I am sure I shall not have to retreat. But if I cannot advance I do not move at all. I do not mean by this that a man should not limit his losses when he is wrong. He should. But that should not breed indecision.
I was still ignoring general principles; and as long as I did that I could not spot the exact trouble with my game.
I can’t tell you how it came to take me so many years to learn that instead of placing piking bets on what the next few quotations were going to be, my game was to anticipate what was going to happen in a big way.
Their specialty was trimming suckers who wanted to get rich quick.
I had to make a stake, but I also had to live while I was doing it.
I was twenty when I made my first ten thousand, and I lost that. But I knew how and why, because I traded out of season all the time; because when I couldn’t play according to my system, which was based on study and experience, I went in and gambled. I hoped to win, instead of knowing that I ought to win on form.
And when you know what not to do in order not to lose money, you begin to learn what to do in order to win. Did you get that? You begin to learn!
No diagnosis, no prognosis. No prognosis, no profit.
The average chart reader, however, is apt to become obsessed with the notion that the dips and peaks and primary and secondary movements are all there is to stock speculation. If he pushes his confidence to its logical limit he is bound to go broke.
The game of beating the market exclusively interested me from ten to three every day, and after three, the game of living my life.
I couldn’t afford anything that kept me from feeling physically and mentally fit.
I was acquiring the confidence that comes to a man from a professionally dispassionate attitude toward his own method of providing bread and butter for himself.
It taught me, little by little, the essential difference between betting on fluctuations and anticipating inevitable advances and declines, between gambling and speculating.
He knows all the don’ts that ever fell from the oracular lips of the old stagers excepting the principal one, which is: Don’t be a sucker!
It never was my thinking that made the big money for me. It always was my sitting. Got that? My sitting tight!
That is why so many men in Wall Street, who are not at all in the sucker class, not even in the third grade, nevertheless lose money. The market does not beat them. They beat themselves, because though they have brains they cannot sit tight.
Disregarding the big swing and trying to jump in and out was fatal to me. Nobody can catch all the fluctuations.
Without faith in his own judgment no man can go very far in this game.
It was that I gained confidence in myself and I was able finally to shake off the old method of trading. 

5 Stages of a successful trader

Traders often pass through a series of 5 stages before becoming successful. In order, these are:

  • Unconscious Incompetence – Brand new traders enter at this stage, full of excitement and overconfidence that they will amass riches overnight. “How hard could it be? Price either goes up or down, right?” one may ask. The trader funds his account and starts quickly, taking lots of trades and unknowingly take on lots of risk. After a few initial successes, he is disappointed that price somehow turns on him every time he enters and he subsequently takes revenge by doubling up on new trades.
  • Conscious Incompetence – After realizing how out of touch with the reality and danger of the market he was, the trader progresses to the next stage and sets out to educate himself by buying loads of books, attend seminars and signed up for courses, searching for the “holy grail.” The trader seeks advice and entry signals from other traders in forums who brag about their earnings and wonders why it is not him.

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The Top 5%

The largest academic study ever conducted on day trading shows that most traders lose money …. even during a bull market. Only 5% of active traders were able to earn significant profits two years in a row.

Are 95% of traders dumb? Hardly. As a trading coach for more than a decade, I believe  traders are among the intelligent and motivated individuals.

Even so, most traders get fooled by news or price action and behave in ways that limit or erase profits.

Is this self-sabotage? Fear of success? A hidden wish to fail? I don’t think so. The struggles of most traders arise for a different reason: the trading environment turns our own reward-seeking and self-protective instincts against us.

Trading for a living is harder than it seems at first. You were probably not mentally or  emotionally prepared for the randomness in the market you trade.

There is a saying that goes: “Doing the same thing over and over and expecting different results is the definition of insanity.” In trading, however, it’s the very definition of normal. Let me explain.

We constantly get tricked and trapped due to random price action. Our job as traders is to behave consistently and predictably in the face of very different results than we expect. This is a skill few have practiced in daily life, where results are more directly linked to action.

 

Warren Buffett Teaches : Part – I

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Buffet learned how to involve in high probably investments since high-school. Back in those years, he and one of his friends bought a reconditioned pinball machine for $25. They put the game in a barber shop. They checked the coin box at the end of the first day and found $4. “I figured I had discovered the wheel,” says Buffet. Eventually the pinball business was netting $50 per week. By the time Warren graduated high school, he is an owner of a small farm in Nebraska and has $9,000 in his bank account (more…)

Who Really Beats the Market?

Survivorship bias, or survival bias, is the logical error of concentrating on the people or things that “survived” some process and inadvertently overlooking those that did not because of their lack of visibility. This can lead to false conclusions in several different ways. – Wikipedia

There is survivor bias in looking at trading and investing performance and then there are the traders and investors that have an edge. People with an edge end up with the losses of those that rely on luck for profits.

This article is from an edited transcript of a talk given at Columbia University in 1984 by Warren Buffett.

Investors who seem to beat the market year after year are just lucky. “If prices fully reflect available information, this sort of investment adeptness is ruled out,” writes one of today’s textbook authors.

Well, maybe. But I want to present to you a group of investors who have, year in and year out, beaten the Standard & Poor’s 500 stock index. The hypothesis that they do this by pure chance is at least worth examining.

I would like you to imagine a national coin-flipping contest. Let’s assume we get 225 million Americans up tomorrow morning and we ask them all to wager a dollar. They go out in the morning at sunrise, and they all call the flip of a coin. If they call correctly, they win a dollar from those who called wrong. Each day the losers drop out, and on the subsequent day the stakes build as all previous winnings are put on the line. After ten flips on ten mornings, there will be approximately 220,000 people in the United States who have correctly called ten flips in a row. They each will have won a little over $1,000.

Now this group will probably start getting a little puffed up about this, human nature being what it is. They may try to be modest, but at cocktail parties they will occasionally admit to attractive members of the opposite sex what their technique is, and what marvelous insights they bring to the field of flipping. (more…)

Stock Market Rules to Remember in 2014

HNY-2014Technical analysis is a windsock, not a crystal ball. It is a skill that improves with experience and study. Always be a student, there is always someone smarter than you!

• “Thou Shall Not Trade Against the Trend.”

• Let volatility work in your favor, not against you.

• Watch what our “Politicos” do, not say.

• Markets tend to regress to the mean over time.

• Emotions can be the enemy of the trader and investor, as fear and greed play an important part of one’s decision making process.

• Portfolios heavy with underperforming stocks rarely outperform the stock market!

• Even the best looking chart can fall apart for no apparent reason. Thus, never fall in love with a position but instead remain vigilant in managing risk and expectations. Use volume as a confirming guidepost.

• When trading, if a stock doesn’t perform as expected within a short time period, either close it out or tighten your stop-loss point. (more…)

The Ten Most Foolish Things a Trader Can Do

In the spirit of April Fools Day here are the ‘Ten Most Foolish Things a Trader Can Do’. In no particular order of foolishness.

  1. Try to predict the future movement of a stock, and stay in it no matter what.
  2. Risk your entire account on one trade with no stop loss plan.
  3. Have a winning trade but no exit strategy to get out, no trailing stop or exhaustion top signal.
  4. Ask for and follow the advice of others instead of trading with your own trading plan, method, rules, and system.
  5. Trade your emotions instead of signals: buy when you are greedy and sell when you are afraid.
  6. Trade your opinions, not a quantified method.
  7. Do not bother to do your homework on trading, just jump in and trade, you are smart, you will figure it out.
  8. Short the best and most expensive stocks in the stock market and buy the cheapest junk stocks.
  9. Put on trades you are 100% sure are winners so you do not even need a stop loss or risk management.
  10. Buy more of a trade that you are losing money in and sell your winners quickly to lock in small profits.

Do not trade foolishly my friend.

HOW TO LOSE MONEY IN THE STOCK MARKET

There are so many ways to lose money in the stock market but whether it is from blindly trusting what turns out to be a Bernie Madoff ponzi scheme to refusing to take a loss on a “sure thing”, the root cause of losses is our inability to objectively perceive market action without the many and varied biases associated with “money on the line”.

According to Mark Douglas…

In any particular trade you never really know how far prices will travel from any given point. If you never really know where the market may stop, it is very easy to believe there are no limits to how much you can make on any given trade. From a psychological perspective this characteristic will allow you to indulge yourself in the illusion that each trade has the potential of fulfilling your wildest dream of financial independence. Based on the consistency of market participants and their potential to act as a force great enough to move prices in your direction, the possibility of having your dreams fulfilled may not even remotely exist. However, if you believe it does, then you will have the tendency to gather only the kind of market information that will confirm and reinforce your belief, all the while denying vital information that may be telling you the best opportunity may be in the opposite direction.

There are several psychological factors that go into being able to assess accurately the market’s potential for movement in any given direction. One of them is releasing yourself from the notion that each trade has the potential to fulfill all your dreams. At the very least this illusion will be a major obstacle keeping you from learning how to perceive market action from an objective perspective. Otherwise, if you continually filter market information in such a way as to confirm this belief, learning to be objective won’t be a concern because you probably won’t have any money left to trade with (italics mine).

From Chapter Four of THE DISCIPLINED TRADER

GERALD M. LOEB on GAINING PROFITS BY TAKING LOSSES

One of the many books on my desk right now is a classic written over 70 years ago by the stock market legend Gerald M. Loeb.  Loeb was a well respected Wall Street broker, not because he possessed some magic investing genie lamp but because of the following nugget of wisdom, one of many from The Battle For Investment Survival in a section entitled Gaining Profits By Taking Losses:

Accepting losses is the most important single investment device to insure safety of capital.  It is also the action that most people know the least about and that they are least liable to execute.  I’ve been studying investments, giving investment advice and actually investing since 1921.  I haven’t found the real key yet and don’t ever expect to, as no one has found it before me, but I have learned a great many things.  The most important single thing I learned is that accepting losses promptly is the first key to success.
 

Some things never change.

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