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Martin, The Risk Takers-Book Review

  
  Education
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Individual traders are often told that they should view their activity as a business. But what exactly does this mean? After all, one business after the other fails; presumably these aren’t the best models. Renee and Don Martin, successful entrepreneurs themselves, come to the rescue with The Risk Takers: 16 Women and Men Share Their Entrepreneurial Strategies for Success (Vanguard Press, 2010). No, it’s not a new book, but I hadn’t read it and I suspect most of you haven’t either.

With two exceptions, the entrepreneurs founded their companies—Curves, Alvarado Construction, Kinko’s, Liz Lange Maternity, Geek Squad, The Corcoran Group, World Wide Technology, Build-A-Bear Workshop, John Paul Mitchell Systems, Spanx, Amy’s Kitchen, Trilogy, Invacare, Tova, The WW Group (Weight Watchers), and (the author’s own) The Cal-Surance Companies.

Many—actually, probably most—of the entrepreneurs were dreadful students. Many went from rags to riches, sometimes back to rags again before they ultimately triumphed, but I won’t recount any of these personal journeys. Rather, I’m going to pull out a few quotations that may have applicability to the trading business, although I’ll point out how some of them can steer the trader wrong. (more…)

Surviving the Trading Game

  
  Education
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Trading coach Van Tharp has a trading game he lets his students play. In a class of 20 to 30 people he will pull different color marbles out of a bag to determine whether the classes trades are winners or losers and by what multiple. There are overall more winning marbles than losers marbles in the bag making this hypothetical trading system a robust system. In the long term the traders playing the game should make money. While the class all receives the same win and loss results during the game some players blow up their account to zero very quickly and others end up with great returns during the game. What is going on? What makes the difference? Each individual traders bet size and the amount of capital at risk determines whether they win or lose even though they are all getting the same trading results in wins and losses. The traders that bet too much and lose at the beginning of the game blow up quickly, the ones that bet big and win in the beginning start in the lead but blow up their accounts later. The best risk managers in the game win primarily by simply surviving their first consecutive string of losses while others do not. The winners also are able to grow their bet size during winning streaks as their capital grows. They bet more as they win and less as they lose by defining a percent of their total capital as a risk multiple that they can expose to losses.

So you see in the trading game, after a trader has a robust system it is still the best risk managers that win in the long term. (more…)

Cohan, Money and Power

  
  Education
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Goldman Sachs is not exactly the number one brand in the world. Admittedly, it’s hard to beat Apple these days in popularity contests. But Goldman doesn’t even come close: on the contrary, it’s a firm that people love to hate. William D. Cohan’s Money and Power: How Goldman Sachs Came to Rule the World (Doubleday, 2011) provides fodder for the Goldman haters, exposing among other things a long history of conflicts of interest.

Cohan’s long book is not, however, the stuff that tabloids (or Rolling Stone—think of Matt Taibbi’s piece, later expanded into
Griftopia) are made of. It’s carefully researched, with well-crafted portraits of Goldman’s leading players, definitely worth reading.

Since Cohan’s book has been extensively reviewed, for this post I decided to extract some lessons for individual traders from Goldman’s successes and failures. And Goldman, lest we forget, had a lot of failures.

One lesson is to exploit the weaknesses (or laziness) of others. For instance, a Goldman trader recalled that his boss always called Friday “Goldman Sachs Day,” the rationale being that traders at other firms were goofing off on Friday. If the Goldman traders came in on Friday intent on actually doing something while others had their guard down and were less competitive, their focused energy could make a big difference. (more…)

6 Types of Traders

  
  Education
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  • Pretrader. Everything is new at this stage, and everything is difficult. This is the point where the trader is learning the very basics of charting and of market structure and is also just starting to explore the marketplace.
  • Novice trader. At this stage, traders are not trading to make money; they are trading for experience and to begin to deal with the emotional challenges of trading. One of the main signs of progress in this stage is that the trader will start lose money more slowly than before—still losing, but losing less often and less consistently.
  • Early competent trader. The first step toward making money is to stop losing money. A trader whose wins and losses balance out (before commissions) has taken the first steps to competence. (At this stage, the trader is still losing money due to transaction costs and other fees.)
  • Competent trader. The first stage of real competence is achieved when the trader is able to cover transaction costs with trading profits. Reaching this stage may take a year and a half to two years, or more. Consider this carefully—two years into the journey a realistic expectation is to finally have accomplished the goal of being able to pay for your transaction costs. This may not seem like much, but very few individual traders ever survive to this stage.
  • Proficient trader. Here the trader starts making money. Errors and mistakes are far less frequent, but, when they do happen, they are corrected and reviewed, and the lessons are quickly assimilated. The trader has been exposed to the stressors of trading so many times that they have now lost most of their emotional charge and is able to approach the markets in an open, receptive state. As competence grows, the trader can look to manage more money; developing the skills of trading larger size and risk becomes a focus.
  • Experienced trader. It is difficult to imagine a trader becoming a true veteran without living through a complete bull/bear market cycle—about a decade in most cases. This trader has finally seen it all and has also become cognizant of the unknown and unknowable risks that accompany all market activity. It is possible for developing traders to gain much of this veteran trader’s knowledge through study at earlier stages of development, but there is no substitute for experience and seeing events unfold in the market in real time.
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