Archives of “Financial economics” tag

rss

3 Types of Traders

  
  Education
#  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #

Three popular trading personality types are intuitive, data oriented, and impulsive.

The data-oriented trader focuses on concrete evidence and is often very risk averse. They seek out as much supporting data for a trading decision as possible. The trader who prefers to do extensive back-testing of a trading idea exemplifies data-oriented type. Consider incorporating elements of data oriented trader personality into your trading style regardless of your natural inclinations.  Make sure you have adequate information (a reason) before executing a trade. Particularly important is to have and trade a detailed trading plan in which risk is minimized and entry and exit strategies are clearly specified. Most often however, the data-oriented trader may take things a little too far. Searching for “the perfect” knowledge that just doesn’t exit in the trading world. At some point, one must accept the fact that he or she is taking a chance and no amount of data analysis can change this fact.

The intuitive trader is the opposite of the data-oriented trader. Trading decisions are based upon hunches and impressions rather than on clearly defined data. There’s a difference between being an intuitive trader who develops this style over time and one who is naturally intuitive. The experienced intuitive trader, bases decisions on data and specific market information. But, as a seasoned trader, analyzes the data quickly and efficiently. It happens so quickly that it seems like it occurs intuitively, but it is actually based on solid information. Ideally, all traders should gain extensive experience to the point where sound decisions are made with an intuitive feel.

A third trader personality type is the impulsive trader (gambler). This is the most dangerous style. The impulsive trader allows his or her decisions to adversely influence trading decisions. Rather than looking at information logically and analytically, information is discounted completely. The impulsive trader seeks out risk and enjoys taking risky, exciting trades. Impulsive traders can often make huge profits one day and see large draw downs the next. Your personality can have a huge influence on your trading performance. Identify your assets and liabilities, and work around your personality when it is necessary. 

Trading Wisdom by – Jon Tait

  
  Education
#  #  #  #  #  #  #

One of the most puzzling paradoxes of trading is that you have to show up every day, but most days your best move is to do nothing.

I don’t day trade, but I do look at a lot of time horizons, sometimes as short as 1 minute bars. But I’ve learned to focus my attention on shorter time horizons only when longer time horizons are at a critical juncture. My trading life became much simpler when just owning a stock was no longer a reason to look at a shorter time horizon than daily bars. I don’t even load up the quote streamer until I’ve made the decision to buy or sell a stock that day based on daily and weekly charts.

It can be more optimal to trade extremely short time horizons, but the benefits of trading very short term don’t scale linearly due to transaction costs becoming more difficult to beat. 

For me, it is important to not have to grind for every dollar. I don’t want a full time job from the markets, but I do want to make high returns on my money, so I consistently reform my trading to be in line with these goals.

I start off every campaign in a stock very fickle, weak handed. As a position works for me and I pyramid into a larger position, I become a strong hand; I’m dug in.

Quotes on Manipulation

  
  Education
#  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #

“Observation # 1: The greatest number of losing traders is found in the short-term and intraday ranks.  This has less to do with the time frame and more to do with the fact that many of these traders lack proper preparation and a well thought-out game plan.  By trading in the time frame most unforgiving of even minute error and most vulnerable to floor manipulation and general costs of trading, losses due to lack of knowledge and lack of preparedness are exponential.  These traders are often undercapitalized as well.  Winning traders often trade in mid-term to long-term time frames.  Often they carry greater initial levels of equity as well.” Walter Downs

“The ability of banks to issue claims far in excess of their reserve position is essentially regulated counterfeiting when those claims have little or no chance of being satisfied, and it is an inherently cyclical and destabilizing process. The Fed, as US banks’ chief regulator, has not only condoned this imprudent, unsustainable (and Constitutionally-dubious) activity, it has encouraged and abetted it.”  Paul Brodsky and Lee Quaintance

“He did not publish or spread any information that was false.  Instead he praised the companies he had invested in to the skies, including the spreading of rumors.  Does his action fall into information-based manipulation because of this?  The answer is: partly.  From the total gain of USD 800,000 he had to repay USD 285,000, so just over a third of the total gain.”  Mark Schindler   

“Runs occur when a group of traders create activity or rumors in order to drive the price of a security up.”  Unknown (more…)

Jesse Livermore and natural disasters

  
  Education
#  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #

Those of you who have read Reminiscences of a Stock Operator, Edwin Lefevre’s classic book reportedly based on Jesse Livermore, will know that ‘Larry Livingston’(Livermore) profited from shorting stocks immediately prior to the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. Initially the market held up, but Livermore was patient enough to sit in his positions, and the market finally succumbed to a sharp downdraft after a couple days.

In Michael Covel’s book Trend Following, there is a section devoted to major events that have occurred, which have significantly affected the markets, and that it was pointed out how often a trend follower was trading in the correct direction at that particular time. By definition, a trend follower would be trading in the correct direction when there is a major market specific event (such as the 1987 market crash, the dot.com bubble, the 2008 crash etc), but also more often than not when other major events occur, such as the collapse of Barings Bank, 9/11 etc.

Back to Livermore. While he started shorting stocks on a hunch prior to the earthquake, I follow the trend on the indices as a basis for whether I should be long or short stocks. Indeed, Livermore himself came to the same conclusions:

“I began to see more clearly – perhaps I should say more maturely – that since the entire list moves in accordance with the main current… Obviously the thing to do was to be bullish in a bull market and bearish in a bear market. Sounds silly, doesn’t it? But I had to grasp that general principle firmly before I saw that to put it into practice really meant to anticipate probabilities. It took me a long time to learn to trade on those lines.”

(more…)

You wanna be right? Or make money?

  
  Education
#  #  #  #  #  #

We all have ego. Everyone likes to be right, likes to be seen as intelligent, and likes to be a winner. We all hate to lose, and we hate to be wrong; traders, as a group, tend to be more competitive than the average person. These personality traits are part of what allows a trader to face the market every day—a person without exceptional self-confidence would not be able to operate in the market environment.

Like so many things, ego is both a strength and a weakness for traders. When it goes awry, things go badly wrong. Excessive ego can lead traders to the point where they are fighting the market, or where they hold a position at a significant loss because they are convinced the market is wrong. It is not possible to make consistent money fighting the market, so ego must be subjugated to the realities of the marketplace.

One of the big problems is that, for many traders, the need to be right is at least as strong as the drive to make money—many traders find that the pain of being wrong is greater than the pain of losing money. You often have minutes or seconds to evaluate a market and make a snap decision. You know you are making a decision without all the important information, so it would be logical if it were easy to let go of that decision once it was made. (more…)

Balenthiran 17.6 Year Cycle

  
  Education
#  #  #  #  #  #  #

Interesting take on the longer term Secular Bear Market Vs. Cyclical Bull Market, via Kerry Balenthiran:

“My research has identified that a 17.6 year stock market exists within the markets consisting of downtrends lasting 2.2 years and uptrends lasting 4.4 years (2 x 2.2 years), with a combined cycle length of 17.6 years. I have called this cycle the Balenthiran Cycle and demonstrate how the intermediate turning points match stock market behavior going back to the early 1900s and extrapolate the cycle forwards to provide a market roadmap of the next secular bull market to 2035 and subsequent secular bear market to 2053.”

A few caveats: The 17.6 year cycle has been bantered about for a long time by various people. (See “previous” below).

Second, I would add is that cycles can be interrupted by external events — like Bailouts, QE, etc.

Last, the world changes over time, and I doubt that any oscillation period dependent upon humans would stay all that consistent over decades and centuries.

6 Points For Traders

  
  Education
#  #  #  #  #  #  #  #

1.  Consistently profitable trading is not about discovering some magic way to find profitable trades.
2.  Consistently successful trading is founded on solid risk management.
3.  Successful trading is a process of doing certain things over and over again with discipline and patience.
4.  The human element of trading is enormously important and has been ignored by other authors for years.  Recognizing and managing the emotions of fear and greed are central to consistently successful speculation.
5.  It is possible to be profitable over time even though the majority of trading events will be losers.  “Process” will trump the results of any given trade or series of trades.
6.  Charting principles are not magic, but simply provide a structure for a trading process.

Ten questions to ask yourself before every trade

  
  Education
#  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #

  1. Does this trade fit my chosen trading style? Whether it is:  swing trading, momentum, break out, trend following, reversion to the mean, or day trading?

  2. How big of a position do I want to trade? How much capital am I going to risk? Am I limiting my risk to 1% or 2% of my trading capital?
  3. What is my risk of ruin based on my capital at risk?
  4. Why am I entering the trade here? What is the trigger to trade?
  5. How will I exit with a profit? A price target or trailing stop?
  6. At what price will I know that I was wrong? Where is my stop loss based on the position size?
  7. Will I be able to admit I was wrong and exit the trade if my stop is hit, or will my ego make me hold and hope?
  8. Is the risk small enough that I can emotionally handle the loss without blaming the market?
  9. Can I really risk this money or do I need it for upcoming bills? Trade with risk capital not living expenses.
  10. Am I committed to staying disciplined and following my trading plan on the trade?

I believe the answers to these questions will determine your success in any trade more than anything else.

Jesse Livermore Quotes -Must Read & Follow

  
  Education
#  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #

1) The stock market is never obvious. It is designed to fool most of the people, most of the time.

2) Play the market only when all factors are in your favor. No person can play the market all the time and win.There are times when you should be completely out of the market, for emotional as well as economic reasons.

3) Do not use the words “Bullish” or “Bearish.” These words fix a firm market-direction in the mind for an extended period of time. Instead, use “Upward Trend” and “Downward Trend” when asked the direction you think the market is headed. Simply say: “The line of least resistance is either upward or downward at this time.”Remember, don’t fight the tape!

4) The game of speculation is the most uniformly fascinating game in the world. But it is not a game for the stupid, the mentally lazy, the person of inferior emotional balance, or the get-rich-quick adventurer. They will die poor.

5) The only thing to do when a person is wrong is to be right, by ceasing to be wrong. Cut your losses quickly, without hesitation. Don’t waste time. When a stock moves below a mental-stop, sell it immediately. (more…)

10 Rules If You USE Charts

  
  Education
#  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #  #

Rule 1 – If you cannot see trends and patterns almost instantly when you look at a chart then they are not there. The longer you stare, the more your brain will try to apply order where there is none.
If you have to justify exceptions, stray data points and conflicting evidence then it is safe to say the market is not showing you what you think it is.
Rule 2 – You can torture a chart to say anything you want. Don’t do it.
This is very similar to Rule 2 but it there is an important point to drive home. You can cherry pick indicators to justify whatever biases you bring to the table and that attempts to impose your will on the market. You cannot tell the market what to do – ever.
Rule 3 – Be sure you check out one time frame larger than the one in which you are operating (a weekly chart for a swing trader, a monthly chart for a position trader).
It is very easy to get caught up in your own world and miss the bigger picture getting ready to smack you. It can mean the difference between buying the dip in a rising trend and selling a breakdown in a falling trend.
Rule 4 – Look at both bars (or candles) and close-only line charts to see if they agree. And look at both linear and semi-logarithmic scaled charts when price movements are large.
Short-term traders can ignore the latter since prices are not usually moving 30% in a day. But position traders must compare movements at different price levels.
As for bars and lines, sometimes important highs and lows are set by intraday or intra-week movements. And sometimes intrday or intra-week highs and lows are anomalies that can safely be ignored. Why not look at both?
Rule 5 – Patterns must be in proportion to the trends they are attempting to correct or reverse. I like the trend to be at least three times as long as the pattern. (more…)

Go to top